Romania Travel Guide
Administrative Divisions of Romania
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Romania is divided into forty-one counties, plus the municipality of Bucharest - which has equal rank. Each county is administered by a county council, responsible for local affairs, as well as a prefect, who is appointed by the central government but cannot be a member of any political party, responsible for the administration of national affairs at the county level. Since 2008, the president of the county council is directly elected by the people, and not by the county council as before that.
Each county is further subdivided into cities and communes, the former being urban, and the latter being rural localities. There are a total of 319 cities and 2686 communes in Romania. Each city and commune has its own mayor and local council. 103 of the larger and more urbanised cities have the status of municipality, which gives them greater administrative power over local affairs. Bucharest is also reckoned as a city with municipality status, but it is unique among the other localities in that it is not part of a county. It does not have a county concil, but has a prefect. Bucharest elects a general mayor and a general city council. Each of Bucharest's six sectors also elects a mayor and a local council.
The NUTS-3 level divisions reflect Romania's administrative-territorial structure, and correspond to the 41 counties, and the Bucharest municipality. Cities and communes are NUTS-5 level divisions. The country currently does not have NUTS-4 level divisions, but there are plans to make such associating neighboring localities for better coordination of local development and assimilation of national and European funds.
The 41 counties and Bucharest are grouped into eight development regions corresponding to NUTS-2 divisions in the European Union. Prior to Romania's accession into the European Union, these were called statistical regions, and were used exclusively for statistical purposes. Thus, albeit they formally existed for over 40 years, the regions are publicly a news. There are proposals in the future to cancel county councils and create regional councils instead. This would not change the nomenclature of the country's territorial subdivision, but would presumably allow better coordination of policy at the local level, more autonomy, and a smaller bureaucracy.
There are also proposals to use four NUTS-1 level divisions; they would be called macroregions. NUTS-1 and -2 divisions have no administrative capacity and are instead used for co-ordinating regional development projects and statistical purposes.
 Macroregiunea 1:
----- Nord-Vest (6 counties; roughtly northern Transylvania)
----- Centru (6 counties; roughly southern Transylvania)
Macroregiunea 2:
----- Nord-Est (6 counties; Moldavia except the counties of Vrancea and Galaţi)
----- Sud-Est (6 counties; lower Danube, including Dobrudja)
Macroregiunea 3:
----- Sud (7 counties; the core of Muntenia)
----- Bucureşti (1 county and Bucharest)
Macroregiunea 4:
----- Sud-Vest (5 counties; roughly Oltenia)
----- Vest (4 counties; southwestern Transylvania, or Banat plus Arad and Hunedoara counties)
Source: Wikipedia Encyclopedia
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